### Lesson Plan: Basic Science and Technology
**Grade:** Primary 6
**Topic:** Diseases
**Duration:** 1 Hour
#### Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Define the term “disease.”
2. Differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases.
3. Identify common examples of each type of disease.
4. Understand methods of prevention and control of diseases.
#### Materials Needed:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Flashcards with names of diseases
- Pictures/diagrams of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens
- Chart paper and markers
- Hand sanitizers
- Worksheets for individual activities
- A short video clip on diseases (optional)
#### Lesson Structure:
**5 Minutes - Introduction:**
1. Greet the students and briefly introduce the topic.
2. Ask a few questions to gauge their prior knowledge:
- "What do you know about diseases?"
- "Can anyone name a disease?"
**10 Minutes - Direct Instruction:**
1. Define the term "disease" (A disease is a condition that impairs the normal functioning of the body).
2. Explain the difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases:
- Communicable diseases: Illnesses that can be spread from one person to another (e.g., flu, chickenpox).
- Non-communicable diseases: Illnesses that cannot be spread and often have long-term effects (e.g., diabetes, heart disease).
**10 Minutes - Activity: Flashcard Matching**
1. Divide students into small groups.
2. Give each group a set of flashcards with names of diseases and pictures of pathogens.
3. Ask students to sort the flashcards into two categories: communicable and non-communicable diseases.
4. After 5 minutes, review the answers as a class.
**10 Minutes - Discussion on Prevention:**
1. Discuss various ways to prevent the spread of communicable diseases (e.g., washing hands, vaccination, using hand sanitizers, avoiding close contact with sick individuals).
2. Discuss methods to manage and control non-communicable diseases (e.g., maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, regular medical check-ups).
**5 Minutes - Demonstration:**
1. Show students the proper technique for washing hands using the hand sanitizers provided.
2. Emphasize the importance of hygiene in preventing the spread of diseases.
**10 Minutes - Group Activity:**
1. Hand out chart paper and markers to each group.
2. Ask each group to create a poster illustrating ways to prevent either communicable or non-communicable diseases.
3. Allow groups to present their posters to the class.
**5 Minutes - Conclusion and Q&A:**
1. Summarize key points of the lesson.
2. Answer any questions from students.
3. Hand out worksheets for students to complete individually as homework or for extra practice.
#### Assessment:
1. Observational assessment during group activities and discussions.
2. Review of flashcard matching correctness.
3. Evaluation of group posters based on creativity and understanding of the prevention methods.
4. Worksheet completion for individual assessment.
#### Homework:
Complete the worksheet provided, which includes questions about communicable and non-communicable diseases, and draw a picture of a practice you follow at home to stay healthy.
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This lesson plan is designed to engage students and give them a comprehensive understanding of diseases, their types, and ways to prevent them, while also developing their teamwork and presentation skills.